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Ukuchaza Izinhombiso Zama-Contactor Ukusebenza Okuphezulu Kwizimoto Zokusebenza Okwamanzi
A isibizikhi sokusebenza yagcwalisa indima eyodwa kwisakhiwo sokunika amandla — yasewenza ukuguqula okuningi kwezinto ezithile apho isakhiwo sokunika amandla (circuit breaker) siza kufa ngokushesha kwezindlela zokusebenza zayo. Ngaphandle kokuba isakhiwo sokunika amandla (circuit breaker) sifundwe ngokuphelele ukuvikela phansi kwamaphethini, ama-contactor asifundwe ukuthi asebenze ngokuphakeme: amakhulu amabili ayisiyekile yokusebenza kwesikhathi ngokusebenza kokuqondwa, amakhulu amabili ayisiyekile yokusebenza ngokwemikhono, nokuthenga nokuvula amandla wezimoto ngokusebenza ngokuphakeme ngokusebenza kokuqondwa ngokungafadwa kwezinkambo zokugcina.
Izindikimbo ezi-ne isibizikhi sokusebenza iziquketho zokusebenza zayo zihlalwe ngokwesikhathi sokusebenza (Ie), uvoltile yokusebenza (Ue), ukuphatha kwakhe ekhaya kweziquketho zokusebenza, nokuphatha kwakhe emechanics. Okunye kubonakala ngokuthi kuyathandana nendaba yokuqondana, okuyakuvumela ukuthi isikhwama sisho esithandana ngokuphelele ngomnyaka wokuphela oku-10 noma sifelise ngomnyaka wokuqala.
I-Sikhathi Sokusebenza Esihlalwe Nokuziqondana
Ukuthi Ukusebenza Kwe-AC-3 Nokusebenza Kwe-AC-4 Kuyakubhekisa I-Sikhwama Sokuziqondana
IEC 60947-4-1 isihlalwa seziquketho zokusebenza okusiza ukuthi isikhwama sifanele ukwenza nini. AC-3 isihlalwa sokugcina amoto ye-squirrel-cage futhi ukususa ngokusebenza — isikhwama sifanele ukuthi sithathe isixhenxe sesikhathi sokusebenza se-motor futhi sibulise ngokwesikhathi sokusebenza se-motor. AC-4 isihlalwa sokufaka phansi nokukhanya okusiza ukuthi isikhwama sithathe futhi sibulise ngokwesixhenxe sesikhathi sokusebenza ngokuphinda-phinda.
A isibizikhi sokusebenza kubhalwe ngokuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphelele ngokwesikhathi sika-400 A AC-3 futhi kungasemukela imotola yoku-200 kW ngokwesikhathi sika-400 V. Umthombo wokusebenzisa okufanayo ngokwesikhathi sika-AC-4 ungasebenzi kuphela ngokuphelele ngokwesikhathi sika-250 A ngoba ukuphakanyiswa kwesikhathi sokuvula kusindisa ukuphatha kwamaphuzu. Ukukhetha umthombo wokusebenzisa ngokwesikhathi sika-AC-4 lapho isikhundla sisisebenzisa ukubuyisela phambili noma ukuzwa kakhulu kusindisa ukukhethwa okungafanele. Amathombo wokusebenzisa wevacuum evela kuimfundo zezinhlangano zokusebenzisa njenge-Hongxin Intelligent Technology ayabhalisa ngokucacile izinkinga zokusebenzisa zika-AC-3 ne-AC-4 ukuze akhusele ukukhethwa okuphelele.
Ukuphatha Kwesikhathi Sokusebenza Nezinkulungwane Zokusebenza Kwamaphuzu
Ngokwesikhathi sonke umthombo wokusebenzisa unenkinga yokuphatha kwesikhathi sokusebenza ekubhalwe ngayo eyonquma inombolo yezinkulungwane ezinokusenza ngokulingana nokuphatha kwesikhathi sokuvula. Ngokwesikhathi sokusebenza sokuphelele (Ie), umthombo wokusebenzisa wokusha kusobala isibizikhi sokusebenza wasebenza ngokuphelele ngokwesikhathi sika-250,000 ku-1,000,000. Ngokwesikhathi sika-25% sokwesikhathi sokusebenza (Ie) — okuyisikhathi sokumelana ngokuphelele ngamathuba amancane — ukuphatha kwesikhathi sokusebenza kungahamba ku-3 ku-5 million.
Ukugqoka okuxhumene kwenzeka ngokuyinhloko ngesikhathi sokuphula lapho i-arc idlulisela impahla yokuxhumana kusuka kolunye uhlangothi kuya kolunye. Izingxenye eziphazamisa i-vacuum zenza lokhu kuncipha kube kuncane ngoba i-plasma ye-arc yensimbi ye-vapor ivuselela kakhulu emuva ezindaweni zokuxhumana kunokuba ihlakazeke ibe yindawo ehlukanisa. Noma kunjalo, ngisho nama-vacuum contact anezinhlobo ezifinyelelekayo zokuthungwa, futhi isibonakaliso sokugqoka uphawu olubonakalayo noma ukukala isikhala sokuthintana kagesi sinikeza indlela ethembekile yokulinganisa ukuphila okusele.
Ukuvuselelwa Kwensimbi Yensimbi Yensimbi ENyakatho NeNdiya
Umshini wokugaya izinsimbi ePunjab, eNdiya, wabhekana nokuhluleka okuphindaphindiwe kwe-contactor ku-feeder yayo ye-motor. Imoto ka-315 kW yaqala izikhathi ezingu-40 kuya kwezingu-50 nge-shift ngayinye yafika kahle endaweni ye-AC-4 ngenxa yokubuyela emuva njalo phakathi kokudlula. Ama-contactor ajwayelekile okuvala umoya ahlala cishe izinyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba ama-contact tips adinge ukushintshwa, okubiza umshini cishe amahora angu-12 wokuma isikhathi ngasinye.
Ithimba kagesi we-mill, kokubonisana Hongxin Intelligent Technology onjiniyela, esikhundleni contactors emoyeni-break nge 400 A isibizikhi sokusebenza amayunithi abekwe umsebenzi we-AC-4 ku-315 A. Umklamo we-vacuum interrupter waqeda ngokuphelele ukuchitheka kokuthinta kwe-arc evulekile. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-18 nokusebenza okulinganiselwa ku-35 000, ama-contactor abonisa ukugqoka okungatheni lapho elinganiswa ngesilinganiso sokugqoka esakhelwe ngaphakathi. Isikhathi sokusebenza sokukhiqiza sithuthukiswe cishe ngo-3% ngonyaka hhayi ngezindleko ze-contactor kodwa ngenxa yokususwa kwesikhathi sokuphumula.
Ukushintsha imvamisa nokuphathwa kwe-coil
Ukwakheka kwesondo le-contactor kunquma ukuthi ingashesha kangakanani. Izindilinga ezijwayelekile ezisebenza nge-DC ezinezifunda ze-economizer zivumela imvamisa yokusebenza efinyelela ku-1,200 wokusebenza ngehora ngomsebenzi olinganiselayo. Izinduku ze-DC ezihamba ngesivinini esiphezulu ezinokulawulwa kwe-elekthronikhi zikhuphula lokho kube yizi-3 000 zokusebenza ngehora ezilungele ukushintshwa kwebhange le-condenser ezinhlelweni zokulungisa amandla lapho ukuphathwa kwamanje okufika kubaluleke kakhulu kunesivinini esiphelele sokuphazamiseka
Ukuphela kwesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-coil sisebenzisa isimo esisodwa esikhona emuva. A isibizikhi sokusebenza i-coil ibiza i-inrush current enkulu ngokuphinda kwe-pull-in — okukodwa ama-3 ku-5 amaphuzu we-sealed holding current — futhi uma i-armature ayikwazi ukulandela ngokuphelele ngokwakhiwa kwezinto eziningi noma ukungalingani kwezinhlobo zezinto, i-coil isebenza ngokuphinda kwe-high-current futhi iphela ngemizuzwana eminye. I-coil controllers eziqondisa ubunzima bezindawo zesi-armature futhi zibeka i-holding current kuphela emva kokuthi kubonakala ukuthi kusenziwe ukulandela ngokuphelele kuyasinda lokhu konke.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Ubudlezana phakathi kwe-making capacity ne-breaking capacity bubi?
I-making capacity yindlela yokuphinda okukhulu okwenzekayo ngokugcina i-contactor ngaphandle kokugcina izinkampani — okukodwa ama-10 amaphuzu we-rated operational current ngokwesikhathi se-AC-3 duty. I-breaking capacity yindlela yokuphinda okukhulu okwenzekayo ngokuvula. I-vacuum contactors zinamandla okuphinda okukhulu ngokulingana ne-breaking capacity ngoba ukugcina ngokugcina i-short circuit kufune ukuthi izinkampani zilindele izindlela zokuphinda kwe-electromagnetic ngaphandle kokubuka ngokuphinda kwe-bouncing open.
I-vacuum contactor iyahlukana njani nge-air-break contactor?
Ama-vacuum contactors afaka ama-contact ku-interrupter evaliwe, okuvimbela ngokuphelele ukuvuleka kwe-arc. Lokhu kunikeza ukuphila isikhathi eside kagesi (izikhathi ezingu-3 kuya kwezingu-5 kunezindlela ezifanayo zokuphumula emoyeni), ingozi yokungabikho kwe-arc flash yangaphandle, ukusebenza buthule, futhi asikho isidingo sokugcinwa kwe-arc chute. Ukuhwebelana kuyizindleko zokuqala eziphakeme nosayizi omkhulu ngokomzimba wesilinganiso esifanayo samanje. I-Hongxin Intelligent Technology inikeza izixazululo zokuxhumana nge-vacuum ne-air-break.
Ingabe ama-vacuum contactors angashintsha imithwalo ye-DC?
Ama-vacuum contactors aklanyelwe ngokuyinhloko ukushintshwa kwe-AC ngoba i-AC yamanje ngokwemvelo idlula ku-zero kabili ngomjikelezo, isiza ukuqothulwa kwe-arc. I-DC ayinazo izintambo zemvelo zamanje, ngakho-ke kudingeka ama-DC contactors akhethekile anezikhoyili zamagnetic noma ukushintshwa kwe-hybrid solid-state. Ukusebenzisa i-AC-rated vacuum contactor ku-DC kungabangela ukwehluleka ukuphazamisa.
Iziphi izidingo zokunakekela ezidingwa ama-vacuum contactors?
Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-vacuum minyaka yonke, ukukala ukugqoka okuxhumene, ukuhlolwa kokumelana kwe-coil, nokuxubha kokuxhuma okuzenzakalelayo kwakha inqubo yokugcina eyinhloko. Ama-vacuum contactors awadingi ukuhlanzwa kwe-arc chute, awadingi ukushintshwa kwe-contact tip kuze kube sekupheleni kwempilo kagesi ebekiwe, futhi awadingi ukugcwaliswa kabusha kwesikhala sokuvikela kunciphisa kakhulu umsebenzi wokugcina uma kuqhathaniswa nama-air-break alinganayo.
Ngikhetha kanjani phakathi kwesiphazamisi nesixhumi sokuthintana?
Sebenzisa i-contactor uma isicelo sidinga ukushintsha kaningi ama-motors aqala izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-10 ngosuku, ukushintsha ibhange le-condenser, noma ukulawula ukushisa. Sebenzisa isiphazamisi lapho ukuvikela iphutha kuwumsebenzi oyinhloko futhi ukushintsha akuvamile. Ezimweni zokuhlanganiswa kwezimoto eziqalayo, i-contactor iphatha ukushintshwa kokusebenza ngenkathi i-fuse noma i-circuit breaker phezulu inikeza ukuvikelwa kwesekethe elifushane.
Iziphi izinketho zempandla yensimbi ezikhona?
Amandla kagesi ajwayelekile e-coil afaka i-24 V DC, i-48 V DC, i-110 V DC, i-220 V DC, i-110 V AC, ne-230 V AC. Ama-coil e-DC ane-economizer ye-elekthronikhi athandwa kakhulu ekufakweni kwanamuhla ngoba aqeda i-AC hum, anikeze ukubekezelelana okubanzi kwe-voltage (± 15% uma kuqhathaniswa ne-± 10% ye-AC), futhi avumele i-contactor ukuthi idlule ekuweni kwe