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Isizinda Sokuchitha Kwezinhloko Kusukela Ekubeni Isikhumba Sokugcina
Iwatt yonke yokungena kwezinhloko ziyakwenzeka njengokuchitha. Ithransifomha yezinkambo ezingama-500 ezingasemthwakweni wokugcina isikhumba sokugcina nge-98.5 percent yokusebenza kuyakwenzeka i-watts ezingama-7,500 ngokuphathelene — okufanana nezinto ezintathu zokuchitha izinhloko zezindlu zasekhaya embonini. Uma akukho ukuchitha okuhle, isikhathi sendawo siza kuvulwa ngokulingana ne-10°C ngemizuzu ezingama-15 kodwa kungaba yisikhathi esifanayo ngaphandle kokuchitha kwezinhloko zokugcina. Isikhumba sokugcina asikwazi kuphela ukuthi yisikhumba sokugcina — kuyinto eyenkulu yokuchitha, futhi ukuthi kuyakwazi ukuchitha izinhloko kuyakubika ukuthi kuyakwenzeka ukusebenza ngokuphathelene.
Ukuthi Umbhalo Wenza Kanjani Ngaphandle Kokuphakamisa
Ukuhlanya kwembhalo yokuqiniseka kuyasebenza ngokuphakamisa okuzenzakalelayo — umbhalo othileliwe uya kuba ngu-ndawo engafanele futhi uyadlula phezulu. Amawindings ayathilela umbhalo ozokwamanje, okuyadlula phezulu ku-ithop yebhanki. Ukuxhumana nezinye izinkampani zebhanki ezincane ziyathumela umthelela phansi. Umbhalo owodlulwe, ongafanele futhi oyadlula phansi ngamaphepha futhi uyabuya emanzini wamawindings. Lokhu ukudlula kwe-thermosiphon kusebenza ngaphandle kokuphakamisa komkhakha.
Umgubho wokuchaza isikhathi phakathi kwezinye izinye zombhalo zephezulu nezansi kwe-transformer yombhalo eya kusenziwa kahle kuyisikhathi se-10°C kuya ku-20°C ngezimali zokusebenza. Umhlabathi ongena ku-5°C ubonisa ukuthi kusebenziswa kancane. Uma kubhekwa kwi-zimali zokusebenza kuyisikhathi esingaphezu kwe-25°C sibonisa ukuthi kukhona ukugcina kwezindlela zokuhlanya — izinkinga ezingasemthethweni ziyakhiwa ngokuthi kunezilwane ezikhipha izindlela zokuhlanya noma umbhalo owodlulwe, ongafanele futhi ongakhula kakhulu.
Ukubhalwa Kwesibhanki Nokubhalwa Kwesiradiyetha
Ithanka liyisibonelo sezinyathelo zokuhlukunyezwa kwezinto ezinamandla. Amawalli amadala amadala akhona ukusakazela amathransifomaya okusakazela ku-100 kVA. Ngaphezulu kwalokho, amafinsi okusakazela noma amaradiyatho asakazela isibonelo sokuhlukunyezwa. Amawalli athiweyo ethanka asakazela isibonelo ngama-40 ku-70 percent ngaphezulu kwezawali ezidala ngokujulileyo ngokujulileyo.
Kumaqondiso okusakazela okwamanzi okungu-1,000 kVA, izinkambo zamaradiyatho ephakathi ziyalotshwa ngamathegi ema-ndawo esikhundla nasezansi. Imanzi ibuya ema-ndawo, ibuka phansi kuphansi kwamafinsi wokusakazela ngokuthintana nezinto ezinamandla kumoya, futhi ibuyela ema-ndawo. Amaphethi we-radiator okusakazela ngokuzimela kumoya kusakazela ngokuzimela kusakazela ngama-30 ku-50 percent — i-transfomaya yokuqondisa ngokuzimela okungu-1,500 kVA inokwazi ukufaka ama-2,000 kVA ngokuzimela kumoya.
Imitha Yezempilo Zokushisa Nokuphila Kwezinkambo Zokuvimbela
Isikhundla Sokushisa Esiphakeme Kwesikhundla Sokushisa
Indawo engezinye yokuqhubeka kuyi-winding — i-hot-spot — okukhona kusukela ngama-5°C ukuya kuma-15°C phezulu kwe-temperature yama-oil esuka emuva. I-IEEE C57.91 isondla i-maximum hot-spot ngama-110°C kubasekelwe kwe-standard cellulose insulation noma-65°C average winding temperature rise. I-relationship yase-Arrhenius iyasimelana ne-life — ukuphatha kwe-insulation kufanana nokudlula kabili ngalokho ngalokho ngama-6°C ukuya kuma-8°C ukuphakanyiswa. I-transformer ekuthiwa ngayo i-temperature iyafumana ama-20 ukuya kuma-30 amnyaka; ama-8°C phezulu kwe-rated iyadlula kabili lokho. Ukuchitha kwe-oil immersed transformer okunconywa kuyasimelana ne-temperature ngendlela eyasimelana ne-life.
Isimo esisiseko: Ukubuyisa indawo yokusebenza yase-substation
I-substation yase-Middle East yasebenza ngamatriphu e-20 MVA oil immersed ayo ayasebenza ngama-temperature aya kuma-82°C ukuya kuma-88°C ngeminyaka yasekhanda — ayaphinda kwi-95°C alarm. I-ambient temperatures ziyaphinda kakhulu kuma-45°C. I-substation yayisenzeka ngama-85 percent yama-nameplate rating ngeminyaka yasekhanda ukuze kungavaliwe i-hot-spot limits.
Ukuchaza kubonisa ukuthi amandla okuhlanzwa nezinkolo zikwakhiwe embonweni yomkhosi wokuhlisa isikhathi ngaphandle, okwakha ukunciphisa ukuthi isikhathi sokuhlisa isikhathi ngokwesibili ngo-25 percent. Amakhosi wokuhlisa isikhathi akwakhiwe, futhi i-Hongxin Intelligent Technology ayabeshiphisa amafani awokuhlisa isikhathi okwesibini okwakwaziwa ngokuphelele ayo amakhosi wokuhlisa isikhathi. Emva kokuhlaziywa nokubuyisela amafani, izintemperetura zomthwakazi wokuphakama kwabuyiswe ku-74°C ku-78°C. Ukukhankanyiswa kwe-85 percent kwezinsizakalo zokusebenza kusukela ekuseni kwasuswa, okwakha ukubuyisela i-15 percent yekhwalithi.
Ukuphatha kwezinsizakalo zokuhlisa isikhathi
Ukujabula Kwamathuba Okumthwakazi
Umthwakazi wokugcina ugcina ngokuzilima, okwakha umsindo owodwa ezingxenye zokugcina futhi okwakha ukukhankanya kokusebenza. Ukuchaza kwamagasi akwenzelwe ngomnyaka uyakwakha ukubona amasiko okunqamuka noma ukubona izinto ezifana ne-viscosity ne-dielectric breakdown. Umthwakazi ongavamiseka ngaphezu kwezinhloso zakamuva ngo-15 percent kufanele kuchazwe noma kubuyiselwe ukuze kubuyiselwe ukusebenza kwezinsizakalo.
Ukuphatha Kwamakhosi Wokuhlisa Isikhathi Ngaphandle
Amaphakathi okuradiyetha nezindawo zokugcina kufanele zihlanzwe ngomnye umnyaka emazweni apho kunezithuthi, futhi ngomnye umnyaka wama-6 emazweni apho kunezincili. Isilayi sesithuthi sokwe 1 mm sibeka isikhundla sokuhlanza ngamahlanza ngokuqondile ngama-10 ku-20%. Amafan ye-radiator kufanele zihlanzwe ukubona ukuthi kunezivimba zokuzwa nokuvibratha — umfan oyunye ophelile kumafan amaningi akhala ukukhula kwesektho ngokwesibonelo ngama-40%.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Ukuthi i-transformer eyiswe ngemoto iyakhuluma njani ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ipampu?
Ukudlula kwemoto ngokuzenzakalelayo kwenza ukuthi imoto idlule ngokuphelele kwe-difference yendawo — imoto ethile idlule phezulu kuphakathi kwe-windings, ibeka isikhundla sokuhlanza kuzindawo zokugcina, ikhula, futhi idlule phansi. Lokhu isistimu esingasenziyo isebenza ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izinkomo zokusebenza.
Ukuthi ubunzima obuphelele obuyintando yokusebenza kwe-transformer eyiswe ngemoto bubi kangakanani?
IEEE C57.91 ishaya ukuthi ubunzima obuphelele bokuziphatha kwe-winding bungaba ngu-110°C kubunzima obuphelele bokuziphatha kwe-cellulose. Ubunzima bokuziphatha kwe-top oil kusho kusuka ku-5°C ku-15°C okuncane. Ukusebenza okuphelele ngaphezulu kwezinhlobo zokuziphatha kuzoba kuchitha isikhundla sokuziphatha ngokwesibonelo ngama-8°C.
Ukuthi amaphakathi okuradiyetha ayakhuluma njani ukukhula kwe-transformer?
Amaphathi akhuphula indawo yomkhabelo wokuhlasela kwesikhumba ngama-40 ku-70 percent. Amabanki amahleli okukhanyisa angaphakathi anamandla okukhanyisa ngama-30 ku-50 percent. I-Hongxin Intelligent Technology iyathumelela izinkotho zokukhanyisa kubizwa ngokuthi ziyasebenza kubizo lwe-transformer lokufihla emafuthini.
Yini okubangela ukuthi i-transformer lokufihla emafuthini ibe yisithunzi?
Ukuzilwa kakhulu, ukugcina kokufihla komfuthi ngokufihla kwezinkunkuma, iphutha emaphathini okukhanyisa, nokungafani kwezinye zezinhlobo zokukhanyisa ziyizinto eziphikisayo. Izinhlanhla zokuphakeme kusukela ku-40°C zinakha lezi zinto.
Kuyini isikhathi sokuzivocavoca umfuthi we-transformer?
Ukuchaza kwezindawo zokufihla ngokwesikhathi sokuvocavoca ngomnyaka. Ukuchaza kwezindawo zokufihla kanye nokuchaza kwezindawo zokukhanyisa kuyifana nezindawo zokuvocavoca. Amatransformer okuphakeme kwezinhlanhla ayisebenza ngokuphelele kwezindawo zokuvocavoca ngomnyaka kanye noma ngeminyaka yombili.
Izinhlanhla zokuphakeme zinakha indawo yokusebenza kwe-transformer?
Ukukhula kwezindawo zokulayisha kugcina uma ukhanya kwesikhathi kubiza isikhathi sokuphatha — okukodwa kusukela ku-30°C ku-40°C. Ngasinye isikhathi esingaphansi kuyadinga ukugcina okulinganayo kwesikhathi sokuphatha kwesikhathi sokuphatha esikhathini sokuphatha ukuze kubhekwe isikhathi sokuphatha sokuphatha esikhathini sokuphatha. Amasipho okusebenza emakhaya amahle ayisisekelo amasipho asebenza ngokuvamile ekugcineni amasipho ngeminyaka yomnyaka wokuqala ukuze kubhekwe ukudala kwezinkambo zokuphatha.