Ukukhetha I-Vacuum Circuit Breaker Ngokwesilingo Sesilingo?

Ukufanisa Izilinganiso Zokushintsha Amandla Nezidingo Zamandla Esizeni Ngaphandle Kokwenza Ubuhlakani Obukhulu

A isibreaker sesiphambaniswa isebenza kahle kakhulu lapho izinga layo lokuqhathanisa liqondana ncamashi nomthwalo kagesi oyivikelayo. Uma ucacisa ngokweqile, izindleko zengqalasizinda ziyokhuphuka ngokungadingekile kuyilapho umshini wokusebenza womshini wokuhlukanisa ugesi ungase ungabi namandla okuwenza ngokugcwele umsebenzi wawo. Uma ungacacisi, ukucasuka noma ukuxhuma okucashile ngaphansi kwezimo zokungahambi kahle kuba ingozi yangempela. Ukuthola ukukhetha okulungile kudinga ukuhlaziya amapharamitha amane axhomeke komunye nomunye: amandla ajwayelekile ajwayelekile, amandla okuqhekeka kwesifunda esifushane, umjikelezo wokusebenza, kanye nohlobo lomthwalo osetshenziswayo.

Iphuzu lokuqala lokwenza noma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kokulinganisa usayizi ukuhlola umthwalo ngokucophelela. Isitshalo sokukhiqiza esidla u-800 A wamanje oqhubekayo nge-motor peak start surges efinyelela ku-1200 A imizuzwana emithathu kuya kwemihlanu sidinga isibreaker sesiphambaniswa nge-nominal current evamile edlula leyo ndawo eqhubekayo eyisisekelo ngokuvamile i-1250 A kulesi simo. Ucwaningo lwesekethe elifushane, olucatshangwa endaweni yokufaka isiphazamisi emgqeni wesikhulumi, lubeka phansi amandla okuphuka. Uma amandla amakhulu okuphambuka angahle abe ngu-22 kA, ukukhetha into enama-25 kA noma 31,5 kA kunikeza isikhala semikhawulo edingekayo ngaphandle kokukhulisa ngokweqile.

Uhlobo lomthwalo luthinta ukukhethwa kwesigaba se-breaker

Izinsimbi Zokondla Imoto Ne-Transformer Zidinga Imijikelezo Ehlukene Yokusebenza

Izitsha zokudla imoto zibeka imisinga yokuqalisa ephindaphindwayo engatholakali eplatifomu yokuhlukanisa imoto. A isibreaker sesiphambaniswa ukusebenza kwe-motor control center kufanele kube nesikhundla sokusebenza okushesheshi — kungakwenzeka ukuthi kubekho amakhulu amabili okusala nokuvula ngosuku ngokwesibanki esinamakhulu amabili. Isifundo sokugcina isikhundla (M1 ngamaphuzu amabili amakhulu okusala nokuvula noma M2 ngamaphuzu amashumi amashibili okusala nokuvula ngokwesi-IEC 62271-100) kuyisiphumo esikhundleni esikhulu sokukhetha, akayi kuphela isiphumo sokuvikela ukungafanani.

Amaphathi we-transformer, ngokulingana, abona ukusala okuncane kodwa abona amandla okusala okuphezulu — kungakwenzeka ukuthi kubheke ku-8 ku-12 kwe-amperu eziqondile kwezinye izikhathi ezingu-3 emva kokusala kwazo. Lapha, isikhundla sekubhekisa kwe-breaker yokuzimela lokusala okuphezulu ngaphandle kokuvikela okungafanani kuyisiphumo sokuhlanganisa i-relay yokuvikela ngokwesibonelo, akayi kuphela isiphumo sokubhekisa kwe-breaker yena. Kodwa, ukukhetha i-breaker ene-amperu eziqondile eziphezulu kune-amperu eziqondile we-transformer ekhethwe kuye kusinika isikhundla sokuzimela okusiza ukubhekisa kwezinye izimo zokuphezulu ngaphandle kokukhwehla kwezinye izinto.

Ukukhetha Ukusala Kwesibhakisi se-Capacitor ne-Reactor

Ukuguqula kwe-capacitive ne-inductive kunezinkinga ezingaphakathi. I-bank ye-capacitor zithwala amandla amaningi angaphakathi emva kokuthwala kwe-amandla futhi kufanele i-breaker ibe yilokho okuphambili ekubhekiseni izindlela zokubuyisa amandla emva kokugcina. A isibreaker sesiphambaniswa iyenzelwe ukuguqula i-capacitor kufanele ibe yilokho okuphambili kwe-C2 (ukuguqula okungaphezu kwezinye ngokuphambili) ngoba izinto zokuguqula kwe-capacitor zithwala amandla okuphambili okungasiza i-breaker noma i-bank ye-capacitor.

Ukuguqula kwe-reactor, ngokuvamile, kuchaza ukugcina kwe-ampere eziningi ngokuphambili, okungaba yizinkinga zokuchopa kwesikhathi futhi zithwala amandla okuphambili. I-breaker ene-contacts ze-CuCr ne-geometry yezikhombisa ephambili — okungathi yizinkinga zokuchopa kwe-ampere ozinzi kune-3 A — zihlukanisa lezinkinga.

Ukuchaza Kwezindawo Zokusebenza Kusuka Ku-Plant Yokuhlela Amazinkali Efilipino

Indawo yokuhlela amazinkali we-ndende yaseFilipino yathatha isiphumo sokudonsa umkhakha wokusebenza kusuka ku-1.8 MW ku-3.2 MW. I-switchgear esikhiweni sebhekise i-12 kV isibreaker sesiphambaniswa izinhlayo ezihlaziywe ngokwe-630 A nesikhundla sokuvula esikhulu se-20 kA. Ukuqondwa okusha kwemisebenzi yokufunda ukuthi ukuguqula umshini wokuphakamisa kuzokwenza ukuthi isikhundla sokuvula esikhulu sesibhanku esisodwa sibe yisi-26 kA — ekhuluma ngaphandle kwezinhlayo zezinkambo ezengeziwe.

Ithimba lokusebenza ngokwemvelo lasezindaweni zokuthenga lalikahle u-Hongxin Intelligent Technology ukukhombisa izinhlayo ezishintshwe ze-KYN28-12 ezengeziwe ngokwe-1250 A yomsebenzi wokusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo nesikhundla sokuvula esikhulu se-31.5 kA yomsebenzi wokufika kanye nezibhanku zesibhanku esisodwa, ngakho-ke bakhumbula izinhlayo ezengeziwe ze-630 A nesikhundla sokuvula se-25 kA yezinhlayo zokufika kwezinhlayo zomoto. Lokhu kukhetho lokugcina okuhambisana nokubuyela emva kwezinhlayo zonke ngokwekuphepha okwesikhundla esikhulu, okunika inkambo yezinkambo zonke ngokwekuphepha okwesikhundla esikhulu, kodwa kusinika ukulinda kokuphepha kuzo zonke izinyathelo.

Amacheki okusebenzisa phambi kokufaka ngokwezinyathelo zokuphepha

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lezinhlayo ezikhethiwe isibreaker sesiphambaniswa iyafanana nomthelela ukuqala ngokuzivocavoca igama. Ivolthi ephakanyisiweyo kufanele iyafanane ne-volthi yomkhosi — isibhakabhaka esiphakanyisiweyo se-12 kV sisebenza kumikhosi ye-6.6 kV kuze kuye ku-11 kV ngezindlela zokuphakanyisa ezifanele okususelwa kwezincwadi zomkhiyali. Ukuqondisa ukuthi umkhakha wokuxhumana okwenzelwe kubhakabhaka lwesibhakabhaka kufanele kube phansi kwelimiti eshiphakanyisiweyo yomkhiyali (ngokuvamile kube phansi kwe-35 µΩ kubhakabhaka obukhulu kuye ku-2000 A), okuthi kuthiwa ukuthi izinyathelo zokuxhumana zizihlanu futhi azizokwenza izindawo ezinomthelela emoyeni ngokusebenza.

Amathesiti wezintime zithi ukuthi wonke amathri amaphakathi ayovula nokuzalwa ngemizuzu yezimbili yezinye, okuthiwa ukuthi kuyabonakala ukuthi kuyasinda. Umphakathi owenziwe ngokuphazamiseka kakhulu ungaqonda ukuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphakanyisa kakhulu kwe-arc energy futhi ukuthi kuyadluliswa ngokusha kwezinyathelo zokuxhumana.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Nikwenza njani ukuphikisela i-rated current esifanele kalesi sikhundla?

Faka amandla okuqhubeka nokulayisha kanye nomkhawulo ongu-15% kuya ku-25% wokunwetshwa kwesikhathi esizayo. Ngokwesibonelo, umthwalo oqhubekayo ongu-780 A udinga okungenani isiphazamisi esilinganiselwa ku-1000 A. Futhi cabanga ngokunciphisa izinga lokushisa kwe-ambient iziphazamisi ezifakwe ezindlini ezingaphezu kuka-40°C ezingokwemvelo zingadinga amandla aphezulu, ngoba izici zokushisa ziguquka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-ICW ne-ISC ratings?

I-Named short-time resist current (Icw) ichaza amandla okuhamba angahlala esivalweni isikhathi esinqunyiwe ngokuvamile 1 noma 3 imizuzwana ngaphandle kokulimala, okubalulekile ezinhlelweni zokuvikela ezihlukaniswe isikhathi. Amandla okuqhekeka okufushane (Isc) achaza amandla aphezulu okuqhekeka okungaphazanyiswa yi-breaker. Womabili la manani kufanele aqinisekiswe ngokuqhathaniswa nesifundo sohlelo.

Ingabe isiphazamisi esisodwa sokuphumula singasebenza kokubili imoto ne-transformer feeder?

Yebo, kodwa izimpendulo zokukhathazeka kufanele zihambisane ngalokho okwenziwa. I-frame yebhreka inakho ukubona okunye — ibhreka yezinkulungwane ezine amaphawu amabili nekholiwe ezinye amakhilowamphela ayikwamukela okunye okwesibhreka nasezinkulungwane zokuphuma kwe-motor nokwesibhreka sokuthiwa kwesikhathi sokuphuma kwe-transformer. Ukwahlukanisa kuyisibhreka sokukhathazeka, isibhreka sokuziphatha kwe-CT, nokuthi kufanele kubekwe izinkulungwane zokukhathazeka kwe-undervoltage noma zokukhathazeka kwe-thermal. I-Hongxin Intelligent Technology switchgear iyasebenza nezinkulungwane zokukhathazeka ezingahambisani.

Kuzoba kanjani uma ngizibhreka ngokuphezulu?

Uma isikhathi sokufaulu sikhuphuka isibhreka sokubhrekiswa esirayinwe, umqolo ungakhala, okungaba ngokugqibela kokugqibela kwemithombo, ukuvulwa kwesibhreka, noma ukugqibela kwezindawo zokubhrekiswa. Izilimi zokubhrekiswa kwe-arc flash ngokwesiqephu se-IEEE 1584 ziyakubonisa ukuthi izindlela zokubhrekiswa ziyakwazi ukuba zingaphezulu kakhulu emkhosini, okungaba ngokuthi abantu bafanele ukubhekana nokuhlukana.

Kuzoba kanjani ukuthi izinkulungwane zokusebenza ziyakubuyekezwa ukuzivumela ukubhrekiswa kwesibhreka?

Kufanele ukubuyekezwa kwezinkundla zokusebenza kube kususwe ngaso sonke isikhathi esingaphakathi kwemithombo eminkanu noma kususwe — okukodwa ngokwesibili kanye nezintathu kanye nezinhlanu ngokwesibili noma kungabi nesilinganiso. Ukubuyisela kwesibhakabhaka sokusebenzisa izinsiza, ukongeza umkhawulo wokuphuma kwesibhakabhaka kusuka ku-20 kA ku-31.5 kA, kungase kwenza amabhekha okuvamile aqinisekile ngaphandle kokuthinteka kohlelo lokusebenza.

Ukuphakama kuyaphindeka imikhawulo yocurrent?

Yebo. Kuzo zonke izindawo eziphakamile kusuka ku-1000 metere, ukuphakamisa kwesinye sokuhamba kwesinye kusindisa ukubuyisela kwesinye sokuhamba, okunqoba ukuthatha imikhawulo yocurrent. Umabhakabhaka owahlolwe ngokwe-1250 A ekhanda yamazwe kungahlinzeki ukuba wahlolwe ngokwe-1090 A ekhanda yamazwe kusuka ku-2000 metere. Amabhakabhaka awelapha akwenzeka ngokwesinye, kodwa amabhakabhaka amaningi kanye namakhawulo ayisinye ayadlala ngokwesinye sokuhamba.