Kungani i-PV Circuit Breaker Iyisidingo Esingapheliyo Kwemithwakazi Yomthelelo Wokuphakama Kwesola?

Izinkinga zokugcina kwe-DC Arc futhi kungani izibreaka ze-AC ezingavaliyo zihlula kumathuba okusebenza kwe-PV

Ukugcina kwe-DC Arc Okuphakeme: Sizinga kungani i-PV Arrays ziyabheka njengamathuba okusebenza okuphakeme

Izihlakani zesola zihlanganisa umoya wokugcina wokubhala (DC), okwenza izinkinga zokugcina ezithile. Ngaphandle kokubhala kwendlela yokuqondana (AC), i-DC ayikho imikhombi yokuqondana—okunika amandla okuthi amandla aqhubeka ngokuphambili uma abhekwe. Amadweli we-PV ayasebenza njengezindawo zomkhumbulo wokugcina, okwenzela ukuthi amandla aqhubeka kumakhelwane okungafana ne-600V DC. Lezi zindawo zokugcina ziqhubeka kuzintemperatura ezingaphezu kwe-6,000°F—ezinkhulu kakhulu ukuthi zilahle amandla amathuba okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla okuhlang......

Ukungakho Kwezikhathi Zokuphambuka: Ukulinganisa Okubhekisele Kwezinkampani Zokugcina Zase-AC Kumaqhoboka e-DC

Izibreaka zesikhathi se-AC zezindawo zokusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo kwezindlela zokugcina izilwane—lokhu kungakho kwezindlela zokusebenza ze-DC. Uma zisetyenziswa kwezindlela zokusebenza ze-DC, zizwa phansi kakhulu:

Lokhu kukhona ngokungafani kwezindlela zokubhekisa kwezinhlobo zokusebenza, ngakho-ke i-NEC 690.15 ibhekisela amaphetha we-overcurrent abhekiswe ku-DC. Amaphetha we-PV ayinca ama-arc chutes ngezincwadi zokuhlisa izimemo nezinhlobo zokugcina umoya ozokwenzela ukuthi izimemo ziyodlula futhi zizokhula—kufika ekugcineni kwazo ngemizuzwana eyi-15, okunqamuka ngokuphelele ngamaphetha we-AC esebenza ngokujwayelekile.

Amaphetha Omuhle Wokulinda We-PV

Ukulinganisa Okuphelele Nokugcina Ngokuphelele Ngokwesibonelo se-NEC 690.15 Ne-IEC 60947-2

Amabreaker ase-PV ayathumela imisebenzi emibili: ukulinda phansi kwezinhloko zokuphakama komkhondo nokuhlukunyezwa ngokuthula—kubalulekile kuziphatha nokuphatha kwezinkinga zokugcina. U-NEC 690.15 uyabika ngqo ukuthi kufanele kubekho indlela yokuhlukunyezwa kwesiqondiso se-PV kusuka kwe-inverter, futhi i-IEC 60947-2 iyachaza izindlela zokusebenza zabadlebha bezikhala emzimbeni okwesokudla emzimbeni yase-solar, kufaka isibonelo sokuthinteka kahle komkhondo we-DC omkhulu kanye nokuphatha kahle kokuphakama kwezikhala zokuphakama kakhulu. Ngoba umkhondo we-DC akasindiswanga ngokuzenzakalela ekuphakameni kwe-zero-crossing, kuphela amabreaker ase-PV atholakileyo ayathumela ukuthinteka kahle kwezikhala ezithile ukuze kuvikeke ukuthinteka kahle kwezikhala ne-thermal runaway.

Ukulingana Kwesivinini Nokuload: Amaphethi Ama-1000V/1500V DC Nokuthi Kufanele Ukuload Kuphindeke Ngamashumi Amabili Namasibili (125%)

Amabreaker ase-PV kufanele abe ngokulingana nezinkinga zokuphakama komkhombi kanye nezinkinga zokuload esikhundleni sezinkampani zasezinsizakwini zasezinsizakwini zasezinsizakwini. Bazihlalwa ngokuphakama kwe-DC system—kubizwa ngokuvamile ngokuphakama kwe-1000V noma kwe-1500V—ukuthi bakhathale izinkinga zokuload kwe-string kwezinsizakwini zasezinsizakwini kanye nezinsizakwini zasezinsizakwini. Kuyisisekelo sokuthi sibheke isiphumo sokuzinikela kwe-NEC esiyisikhathi sesibili: amampere ase-breaker kufanele abe ngapansi kwesikhathi sesibili × ukuphakama kwe-array kwe-short-circuit current (Isc). Isibonelo, umthwalo owenziwe ngamampere angu-10 Isc udinga umbreaker ophakamisa amampere angu-12.5. Abasemthwali abangaphambili bafunda futhi ukuthi bahlawule ukuphakama kwe-open-circuit voltage (Voc), bavuma ukusebenza ku-1.2 × Voc ukuthi bethembele ukuthi kungabi nesiphumo esingaphansi kwezinkinga zokuphakama kwezinsizakwini—ukunqoba ukuthi kungabi nesiphumo esingaphansi kwezinkinga kanye nokuthintana kwezinkinga eziningi.

Amazwi okuhlawula: Ukutholakala kwe-UL 489B kanye nokubhalwa kwe-AHJ

UL 489B njengesibalo sokugcinwa kwezinsizakwini zasezinsizakwini zasezinsizakwini zasezinsizakwini kanye nokusebenza kahle

UL 489B yisistanda sokuxhumana ngokuphelele esebenzayo kwezibhokisi zokugcina izimilo zezilwanyana zokuphatha kwe-PV, ekubhekisweni kwezinkinga eziphathelene nesistimu sezilwanyana zokuphatha kwe-DC. Kuyadinga ukuzivocavoca okuphelele kwezilwanyana zokuphatha kwe-DC, ukuvikela izilwanyana zokuphatha kwe-arc, nokuthula kwezilwanyana ezikhulu kwezilwanyana zokuphatha kwe-high-voltage—kukhombisa ukuthi isithombe sisebenza njengoba sifundwa ukususa izilwanyana zokuphatha ngaphandle kokuthi kwenzeke izilwanyana ezinconywa. Abahlali bokuxhumana (AHJs) bayidinga ukuthi isithombe sibe nesitanda sokuxhumana si-UL 489B njengokubaluleka kakhulu ukuthi sivumeke. Kuma-designers, abavumayo, nabasetha, ukuchaza izibhokisi zokugcina izimilo zezilwanyana zokuphatha zokufakwa kwe-UL 489B kususa ukungafanele, kususa ukuthi izindlela zizivumeke, kanye nokususa ukuthi kubekwe kubuyekezwa ngokushesha. Ukuvumeka kwezinye izindaba ngokusebenzisa i-UL 489B kusiza ukuthi isithombe sisebenza njengoba sifundwa ukusenza lapho kunezilwanyana zokuphatha kwezinhloso zokusebenza.

Iziphumo zokusebenzisa ngokungafanele noma ukungasebenzisa izibhokisi zokugcina izimilo zezilwanyana zokuphatha kwe-PV kwezinhloso zokusebenza

Ukuthi kubekwe kubuyekezwa ngokushesha, ukuthi kuhlanganiswe isikhathi sokusebenza, nokuthi kubekwe kubuyekezwa ngokushesha: Izindlela zokubona kwe-CPSC ne-NREL

Ukungakhathalisiwa noma ukusebenzisa okungafanele i-PV circuit breaker kubuyela emiphumela ephambili yokusebenza nokulawula. I-data ye-CPSC ibonisa ukuthi kunezinkulungwane ezintathu zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulung......

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Kungani izi-arc ze-DC ziyisibonelo esiphambili kunezi-arc ze-AC?

Kungasemva kwe-AC, i-DC ayikho izindawo zokugcina ngokuzenzakalelayo (zero-crossing points) okuzosindisa ukuthi izikhumba zase-DC zizwele indlela yonke uma ziqalwe. Lokhu kubhekise kumkhulu wezinkinga yokuphuma kwamandla amaningi nokuhlwa kwezilwane ezinconywa.

Kungani izibhrekha ze-AC zihlukile kwezinhlobo zezinhlobo zase-DC?

Izibhrekha ze-AC ziyasebenzisa izindawo zokugcina ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuhlula izikhumba, okungakho kwezinhlobo zase-DC. Izindlela zokufunda kwezibhrekha zizoba yinkululeko yokuphuma kwamandla amaningi nokuhlwa kwezilwane ezinconywa.

UL 489B yini futhi kungani ibalulekile?

UL 489B yisicelo sokubaluleka kanye nokubaluleka kwezibhrekha zezinhlobo zase-PV. Kuyabonisela ukuthi isibhrekha singasebenza ngokuphelele kwezinhlobo zokusebenza kwezilwane zase-solar, kusukela ekubalulekeni kokuphuma kwamandla amaningi kwe-DC kanye nokuhlula izikhumba.

Kungani i-NEC 690.15 ikhombisa izinhlobo zezibhrekha zase-PV?

I-NEC 690.15 iyathatha ukuthi kusebenziswe izibhrekha zezinhlobo zase-DC ukubaluleka kokuphuma kwamandla kanye nokuhlola kwezinhlobo zase-PV. Lokhu kuyabonisela ukuthi kubalulekile ukuthi kubhekise kumkhulu wezinkinga yokuphuma kwamandla kanye nokuhlwa kwezilwane ezinconywa.

Kungani kufanele kubhekiswe kumkhulu wezinkinga uma kungakho noma kubhekiswe kungafanele izibhrekha zezinhlobo zase-PV?

Ukungakhathalisiwa noma ukusebenzisa okungafanele kubangela ukuthi kuzide kwezinye izinkinga zokuphuma kwemvula, ukuvulwa kwesistimu, ukungasebenzi kwezinsizakwesi, nokubuyiselwa kwezincwadi zokugcina, okungabangela ukuthi kubhishwe nezindlela zokulungisa eziningi.