Kungani i-Compact Substation Iyabuyisa Isikhundla Sokufaka Ngokulingana Nokwesibonelo Sesikhundla Sokufaka?

Ubuchwepheshe Besibonelo Esihlanganisiwe Sifaka Isithuthi Sokubaluleka Ngaphezulu

Ukulinganiswa Kwesibonelo Esilinganisiwe Kwisibonelo Esinye Sokubaluleka, Isibonelo Sokuzivikela, Nokuzivikela

Amasubstesheni amancane ayigcina umshinzi, izinkampani zokusebenza kwe-midium voltage, nezinkampani zokuhlela ngokuphelele ku-enclosure eyodwa eyenziwe ngaphandle kwesikole. Lokhu kususa ukwahlukaniswa kwesikhundla okudingekayo phakathi kwezinkampani ezingaqondi kumasubstesheni amadala—akukho izindlu ezithile, amafoundesheni angqondi, noma izihluzi zemisipha yezinkampani ezinye. Izifundo zokugcina imisebenzi yomdlalo wamanzi zibonisa ukuthi lokhu kuncane isivolumu sokuphelele ngamakhulu-75%. Abahleli bavula i-3D modeling ukuze bahlunge indawo yabo ngendlela efanele ekhangelweni, ekufunekayo kumsebenzi, nokuncane kwekhundla. Amabusbar amancane kwi-indawo yabo nokumisela imisipha—kuncane ngamakhulu-60–70% kulokho okwenziwa ngokwesikhundla esisodwa—kuncane futhi ukuchitha kwevoltage nokuncane kwekhundla yobuchwepheshe.

Ukuchitha kwekhundla yokhangelwa kungenhla nokuhlukaniswa kwendawo yobuchwepheshe kususa ukudinga kokwahlukaniswa kwekhundla ngaphandle

Izihluzi zokuvikela ukuphuma komlilo zokwenzelwa kabefore, nezinkampani zokuvikela ukuphuma komlilo kungena ngqondi ku-enclosure, kuyafanana nokudinga kwezimfundo zokuchitha kwekhundla ngaphakathi lezi zizindikiso ezihlanganisiweyo zizamelela izindawo zokuphepha kahle zokuhlanganiswa ngaphandle kwemithombo yezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuzenzakalelayo—umsebenzi wokususa isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle sokugcina isikhala sesandla sokuphepha kahle......

Ukunciphisa Imithombo Yezindawo Zokusebenza Zokuphakamisa Izindawo Zokuphakamisa

Isibonelo sesiphambano esincane sibhekisela ngokuphelele ukufakwa ngokuthinteka kakhulu kwezinkinga zokubhala. Amasibonelo esiphambano amadala asikhipha izindlela eziningi: ukususa okuphelele kwezindawo zokugcina amakhabeli, amafunda angaphezulu okwesibonelo sokubhala nesibonelo sokuhlanganisa amakhabeli, nokubhala kwezindawo zokulondoloza nokulawula—konke lokhu kudinga indawo enkulu yamandla kanye nezikhathi ezide. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isibonelo sokuhlanganisa sisusa konke lokhu kahle.

Amaphondo amancane, amakhabeli, namaphondo okubhala ngaphandle kwezindlela zokubhala eziningi

Isibayi esincane sesibayi sezinkundla sise kusibhakabhaka sesilika yesilika esingaphansi—kubizwa ngokuvamile ngokuthi kunezimithi zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezinkundla zezink......

Ukwekha Kwesibayi Sesilika Kwenziwa Ngaphandle Kwesibayi Sokubhakabhaka Kwezinkundla

Isikhala Esingaphansi Somkhakha Wokubhakabhaka Ngaphandle Kwesibayi Futhi Isikhathi Sokufaka Sisihlukile

Izindlela zokugcina phambi kokuthengisa kwezifundo ziyagcina konke ukubakha ngaphandle kwesithili. Isithili esisigcwele, esisizwe ngezinhlobo zokuzama, sifika isigcine esihlukile—kufuneka kuphela ukwenza isikhundla sokubakha futhi ukulinkiswa kwe-HV/LV okugcina. Akukho inkinga yokusebenzisa izindawo zokugcina, izicrane zokuphakamisa iziqephu, noma izindawo zokugcina ngokuxhumana. Ngoba izintu zokubakha nezintu zokubakha kwezimoduli zihamba ngokuphelele, izintimele zeziprojekthi zihlala ngokuphelele ngama-30–50%. Isithili esincane singasiza ngeminyaka eyi-4–8, ngaphandle kwezinyanga ezi-4–6 zokubakha ngendlela yokuqondwa—ngokuphazimula ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwabantu ngaphansi kwezithili futhi ukunciphisa indawo yokugcina ngokuxhumana.

Izimoduli Zesithili Esincane Ezinokwenzeka Ukusuka Kuma-Sithili Esingaphansi Kwesikhundla Somzini

Iziteshi ezincane ezihlanganisiwe zenzelwe ukugcwaliswa kwamadolobha: iyunithi ngalinye liqinisekisiwe kusengaphambili ngamandla athile (isb., 500 kVA kuya ku-2.5 MVA) futhi lakhelwe ukuhlangana, ukuhlangana, noma ukuqondanisa ekubumbeni okuqinile. Uhlelo lwe-MVA olunezimodyuli ezimbili luthatha ngaphansi kuka-60 m2ngaphansi kwengxenye yendawo yokwakheka okujwayelekile okulinganayo. Izinkampani ezihlinzeka ngemisebenzi yokuhlomisa zingasebenzisa imodyuli eyodwa ekuqaleni futhi zandise amandla kancane kancane ngaphandle kokwakha kabusha ingqalasizinda yomphakathi. Wonke amamojula ahlolwe ngokufanayo embonini ngokusho kwe-IEC 61850 ne-ISO 9001 protocols, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhambisanayo ngisho nasezindaweni ezinomswakama ophakeme, ukungcola okuphezulu, noma ukudlidliza okuvamile enkabeni yedolobha.

Ukulondolozwa kwendawo okubalwa ngamanani: I-Substation Compact vs. i-Substation yendabuko

Isibonelo sesikhundla sokuhambisana esincane sasinda isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina......

isindawo esincane sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokugcina isibonelo sokug......

Umphumela wokusebenzisa indawo ayisithethe—kubonisiwe kuzo zonke izindawo zokusebenzisa ezizweni zaseTokyo kuya kaseToronto. Kwezindawo zaseSingapure zaseJurong Island, isibanku sezindawo zokugcina esincane sokwehla kwesikhundla se-1.6 MVA sishiyile isibanku esihle esingaphansi kwesikhundla se-210 m² esebenzise isikhundla se-52 m². Ngokufanayo, ukuguqula kwelinye igama le-London Underground ekwakhiweni kwaTottenham Court Road sebesebenzise isithuthu esisodwa esisodwa esisebenzisa isikhundla se-38 m²—kuphela 78% kancane kokusebenzisa indawo kulokho okwenzekile ngaphambi. Lezi mphumela zidzalwa ngqo kusukela kwezinkampani zokugcina ezinconywe, ukwakha kwezinkampani zokugcina zokugcina, nokugcina kwezinkampani zokugcina, zonke ziqinisekisiwe ngokulingana ne-IEC 62271-200 ne-EN 50164.

Ukuphakanyiswa Kwesilinganiso: Isithuthu Esinye Sokugcina Sishiyile Ukuplaninga Kwesilinganiso Sokugcina

Ukuhlela kwezinkundla zokusebenza ngokwesikhathi esidala kufuna ukubhekana nezindawo eziyisikhombisa: indawo yokuhambisana kwemithambo, indawo yokugcina amafutha, indawo yokusebenza kwezinkundla zokuguqula umkhondo wokuqala, indawo yokusakha umkhondo wokuqala, indawo yokuphatha, indawo yokuhamba kwamakhabelo, nokholwa lokusebenza—ngokungena kwezinye zezindawo ezinamaphuzu okuhambisana, ukusakha kwezibhambo, nokwahlukaniswa kokuphatha izilwane. Indawo encane yokusebenza iyahlula le nkululeko ngendawo eyodwa eyisibonelo. Indawo yayo eyodwa yokuhambisana, indawo yayo yokugcina amafutha, nokholwa lakho lokuhamba kwamakhabelo kuyahlula ukuvumela, kusakaza isikhathi sokuhlola nokuhlela ngama-50%, futhi kunciphisa ukuthengiswa kwakhe ngama-25–35%. Lokhu kuyakwenza yena inkulumo eyodwa lapho isikhathi, isikhala, nokuzinikela kuyizinkinga ezingenakubhekwa ngokulinganayo—khusela kumaqondiso okusebenzisa izindawo ezenziwe ngaphambi kanye noma kumaqondiso okusebenzisa izindawo ezihlanganisa izindlela zokuhamba.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Izindawo zokugcina amandla ziyiphi?

Indawo encane yokusebenza yindlela eyodwa, eyenzelwe ngokwesikhathi esidala, eyingxenye yomthambo, izinkundla zokuguqula umkhondo wokuqala, nezinkundla zokuphatha ngendawo eyodwa, ngakho-ke kunciphisa izinkinga zokusebenza kanye nezinkinga zokusebenza kwezindawo zokusebenza.

Ukuthi isithuthi esincane sikhuluma kanjani isikhundla sokugcina indawo ngokulingana nesikhundla sokugcina esisodwa?

Izithuthi esincane zihlupha inkinga yokuthenga izindawo ezihlukene nezindawo zokuhlinzeka, zifaka amathuba okhuseleko phakathi, futhi zihlanganisa izinto zokubanga kusuka kumkhakha omunye, okuzokwenza ukuthi indawo yonke ezingeni lezindawo iyahlukile ngamashumi ayisithupha–ayisibhozi.

Izithuthi esincane zinombuso wokhuseleko wani?

Izithuthi esincane zifaka ukugcina kwe-arc phakathi kanye nezihlangothi zokuphepha izitshaba, zihlupha izindawo zokhuseleko phezulu kodwa ziqondisa ukuthi ziyasebenza ngokulingana nezinhlobo zokhuseleko zika-IEC ne-IEEE.

Ukuthi isithuthi esincane sivumela kanjani izintempo zomsebenzi?

Ukubakwa kabefore kwe-modular kuyavumela ukuthi izintempo zomsebenzi zizokhula, kuvumela ukubakwa nokufaka kusebenza ngeminyaka eyisine–eyisibhozi ngokulingana nesikhundla sokugcina esisodwa esingaphansi kweminyaka eyisine–eyisithupha.

Izindustria ziphi eziphumelela kakhulu kusuka kwezithuthi esincane?

Izisikhangiso zesibhakabhaka zisifanele kuma-utility, imithambo yokuqala yezindawo eziphansi, izindawo zokusebenza, nezindawo zokuphatha izinsiza kuphela lapho isikhundla, isikhathi, nokuthenga kwezinto ziyizinkinga ezibalulekile.