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Takamal na kuskur — Yaya WiFi Gateway ya yi kuskur da maki na abubuwa
A wifi gateway ba ne router mai gaskiya — amma shine controller mai zuwa a cikin shafin abubuwa na smart building. Amsa na kuskur na maki na abubuwa ta fuskantar da uku: kudin mai yawa na abubuwa, takamalar yin kuskur na bandwidth, da takamalar radio. Gateway ce wanda ya bayyana "100+ abubuwa" wanda ya kuskure da bandwidth ta hanyar yin kuskur na farko ya zama mai yawa da kuskur wajen abubuwa na 60 suna kuskure firmware.
Karamin Matakasu, Tashin Bandwidth, da Tsarin 2-Band da 3-Band
Karamin matakasu na wifi gateway yana da karewa da chipset da RAM. Karamin gateways na yadda ake gudanarwa da core daya da RAM na 128 MB suka iya taimaka 30 zuwa 50 matakasu a sama lokacin da DHCP ya fiye ko buffer ya filli. Mid-range dual-core da RAM na 256 zuwa 512 MB suka iya taimaka 80 zuwa 150. Tsarin 3-band — wani 2.4 GHz da biyu 5 GHz radios, ko ƙara 6 GHz (WiFi 6E) — yana ba da matakasu a cikin 3 band, yana nufi kafin karamin per-band. 30 sensors suna bayar da packets na 100-byte a minute suna yi amfani da bandwidth mai yawa; wani 4K camera na 25 Mbps yana tsaya a 2.4 GHz channel. QoS prioritization dole ne ya ba karamin don devices na yadda ake bukatar fuskanci (access control, alarms) domin suka iya amfani da karamin da aka bata da su don bulk devices (cameras, firmware downloads).
Mallakar Al’ada — Wani Smart Office ya sanya 80 device na maki
Kwali na ayyukan al'ada ta 2,000 m² a yankin Arewa Ta Tsokaci ta sanya 80 abu na ayyukan al'ada — 35 abu na ayyukan al'ada na kudin kafin daidai, 20 abu na ayyukan al'ada na gaba na al'ada, 12 abu na ayyukan al'ada na kudin kafin daidai na kudin kafin daidai, 8 abu na ayyukan al'ada na kudin kafin daidai na kudin kafin daidai, da 5 kamera. Sannan ya amfani da kudin kafin daidai na kudin kafin daidai na kudin kafin daidai na kudin kafin daidai. wifi gateway . A cikin biyu wata, kudin kafin daidai ya faruwa da kudin kafin daidai na 3 zuwa 5 seconds na kudin kafin daidai na kudin kafin daidai a lokacin da aka yi amfani sosai. HONGXINAIOT (Xiamen Hongxin Intelligent Technology), wani shirye-shiryen al'ada mai kyau da 24 shekara na amfani da kudin kafin daidai na kudin kafin daidai, ya saita shi da kudin kafin daidai na kudin kafin daidai na kudin kafin daidai na kudin kafin daidai na kudin kafin daidai. wifi gateway ta nuna 150 mutane da suka yi amfani da kudin kafin daidai da kudin kafin daidai na kudin kafin daidai na kudin kafin daidai. Kudin kafin daidai na kudin kafin daidai ya dace da 300 ms. Kudin kafin daidai ya saita da kudin kafin daidai na kudin kafin daidai na kudin kafin daidai na kudin kafin daidai na kudin kafin daidai na kudin kafin daidai na kudin kafin daidai.
Kudin kafin daidai Wanda Su Zama Kudin Kafin Daidai Na Kudin Kafin Daidai Na Kudin Kafin Daidai Na Kudin Kafin Daidai
Zigbee, Thread, Bluetooth Mesh, da Matter — Kudin Kafin Daidai Na Kudin Kafin Daidai Na Kudin Kafin Daidai
Na zamani wifi gateway yana da karamin yadda ake amfani da shi — WiFi don abubuwa da yawa na bandiwido, da radio wadanda suka gudan cewa suke amfani da shi don shafin yawa na karamin amfanin. Zigbee 3.0 ta sanya damar 250+ abubuwa a cikin mesh inda kowace node da ke amfani da kwayoyin karamin yadda ta zama router. Thread — da ke amfani da IPv6 kuma ta zama darajar yadda don Matter — ta sanya damar mesh wanda ke da amfanin IP a cikin shafin. Bluetooth Mesh ta hanyar shafin iluminashin inda kowace luminaire ta raba fahimtar. Matter — da ke takaici da Apple, Google, Amazon, da Samsung — ta amfani da WiFi, Thread, da Ethernet, ta sanya damar wani wifi gateway don yin amfani da abubuwan da ke daga mahailloli masu farko ta hanyar wani interface. Gateway mai yadda mara mahailloli da WiFi, Zigbee, Thread, da Bluetooth ta sanya damar 300+ abubuwa a cikin kowace yadda.
Karamin Yadda Na Shafin A Cikin Karamin Abubuwa Da Ke Amfani
Karamin Shafin, Siffojin QoS, da Karamin Bayani Na Node Na Mesh
A wifi gateway a cikin wani ƙasashen urbansu ko kuma cikin wani ƙasar al'ada ya share 2.4 GHz spectrum da wasu networks na gaba, Bluetooth, da wireless peripherals. Kamar yadda ake samun kusurin channel ya zama cause na packet collisions da retransmissions wanda suka sauta latency sai dai kamar yadda ake sautawa number na devices. Automatic channel selection wanda ke scan a lokacin startup da kuma ke gyara kadan lokaci na lokaci yana taimaka wajen samun channels mai kyau. Shida QoS priority queues — voice, video, best effort, background — suna taimaka wajen samun communication na wasu devices wanda suka nemo abin tsoro (fire alarm gateways, access control) duk da yadda ake samun network saturation. Zigbee/Thread mesh nodes suna bukata wani router kawai a cikin 10 zuwa 15 m² — karamin density yana zama cause na single-point failures.
Takamalnin Aminci don Multi-Device Networks
Takamalnin Device, Segmentation na Network, da Tsarin Samun Firmware Update
Kullum device a cikin wifi gateway shirye shirye ne da ke iya zama wani kariya na attack. Lambar mai amfani da smart bulb da firmware na 2019 wanda ba a saita ba a cikin yanayin da ke da energy management system ya zama wani kariya na lateral movement. Uku na controls suka yi amfani. WPA3-Enterprise da per-device certificates — shared PSK ba za a iya amfani da ita ga commercial deployments ba. IoT VLAN mai gaba ce ya karye abubuwan dandano daga corporate IT da guest WiFi, da firewall rules wadanda suka ba da izini don amfani da IP/port communication wadanda ke bukatar su. OTA firmware update support da scheduled maintenance windows suka taimaka wajen saitin abubuwan dandano. HONGXINAIOT ta ba da smart gateways da multi-protocol support, VLAN segmentation, da OTA capability don intelligent building deployments.
Masu Sabon Gaskiya
Yaya yawa abubuwan dandano waɗanda za a iya amfani da su a lokacin da suka zuwa?
A dual-band wifi gateway yana taimaka 30 zuwa 80 ayyukan da suka dace. Gateway na kwayoyin yadda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin kasuwa yana taimaka 100 zuwa 150 ko karanci ayyukan. A wani lokacin da aka tabbata 150 ayyukan na WiFi, ana buƙatar ƙarshen point na amfani ko ƙarshen gwamnati na madaidaici da amfani da Zigbee/Thread don ayyukan da ke nufin yawan kuma gaba daya. HONGXINAIOT ya ba gateway na madaidaici na kwayoyin.
Yaya zai iya gudunawa ayyukan na WiFi idan aka sanya kara ayyukan?
Iye, idan wifi gateway ba shi da QoS da ke nufin fuskantar. 30 ayyukan da suka sanya bayani na telemetric suna gaba daya; 4K camera ce da ke sanya bayani na video ta fuskanta channel na 2.4 GHz. QoS rules suna buƙatar fuskantar ayyukan da ke nufin fuskantar kamar yadda suka dace kafin ayyukan da ke nufin bayani na yawan kuma.
Shin yaya zai iya farko bayan WiFi da Zigbee don ayyukan na smart?
WiFi a wifi gateway yana dace don ayyukan da ke nufin yawan kuma (cameras, displays). Zigbee yana taimaka 250 ko karanci ayyukan da ke nufin yawan kuma da mesh topology — sensors, switches, actuators — ba ta fuskanta channel na WiFi. Gateway na madaidaici suna haɗawa su.
Shin ayyukan na smart building za su dace don dace da network na office WiFi?
Ba. A wifi gateway ya kamata za a shigar da abubuwan gida mai inganta a cikin VLAN na IoT mai ƙarfi wanda ya kashe daga shugabanchi na IT da shugabanchi na mace. Shigar da abubuwan gida mai inganta yana kare waɗansu abubuwa mai inganta da suka faru da kariya don zama da aiki a cikin wasu abubuwa mai mahimma.
Yi ne wifi gateway iya gyara firmware a cikin abubuwan da suka shiga?
Ee. A wifi gateway da taimakawa a gyara firmware a cikin abubuwan da suka shiga (OTA) zai iya gyara abubuwan da suka shiga a lokacin da aka rubuta a jihadi. Wannan ke da mahimmanci ga kariya — abubuwan da ba suka gyara su ne masaniyan kariya na gida mai inganta.
Wane shari'ar kariya ya kamata wifi gateway ya amfani da shi?
A wifi gateway a kafareshin al'ada ya kamata ya amfani da WPA3-Enterprise ta hanyar bayani na abubuwa ko taimakawa ta hanyar sertifikat, ba ta hanyar bayani na share ba. Shigar da VLAN da shari'ar firewall a tsakanin shugabanchi na abubuwan da suka shiga suna kammala shari'ar kariya.